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Description
The product uses a cryptographic primitive that uses an Initialization
Vector (IV), but the product does not generate IVs that are
sufficiently unpredictable or unique according to the expected
cryptographic requirements for that primitive.
By design, some cryptographic primitives
(such as block ciphers) require that IVs
must have certain properties for the
uniqueness and/or unpredictability of an
IV. Primitives may vary in how important
these properties are. If these properties
are not maintained, e.g. by a bug in the
code, then the cryptography may be weakened
or broken by attacking the IVs themselves.
Modes of Introduction:
– Implementation
Related Weaknesses
CWE-330
Consequences
Confidentiality: Read Application Data
If the IV is not properly initialized, data that is encrypted can be compromised and information about the data can be leaked. See [REF-1179].
Potential Mitigations
Phase: Implementation
Description:
CVE References
- CVE-2020-1472
- ZeroLogon vulnerability – use of a static IV of all zeroes in AES-CFB8 mode
- CVE-2011-3389
- BEAST attack in SSL 3.0 / TLS 1.0. In CBC mode, chained initialization vectors are non-random, allowing decryption of HTTPS traffic using a chosen plaintext attack.
- CVE-2001-0161
- wireless router does not use 6 of the 24 bits for WEP encryption, making it easier for attackers to decrypt traffic
- CVE-2001-0160
- WEP card generates predictable IV values, making it easier for attackers to decrypt traffic
- CVE-2017-3225
- device bootloader uses a zero initialization vector during AES-CBC
- CVE-2016-6485
- crypto framework uses PHP rand function – which is not cryptographically secure – for an initialization vector
- CVE-2014-5386
- encryption routine does not seed the random number generator, causing the same initialization vector to be generated repeatedly
- CVE-2020-5408
- encryption functionality in an authentication framework uses a fixed null IV with CBC mode, allowing attackers to decrypt traffic in applications that use this functionality
- CVE-2017-17704
- messages for a door-unlocking product use a fixed IV in CBC mode, which is the same after each restart
- CVE-2017-11133
- application uses AES in CBC mode, but the pseudo-random secret and IV are generated using math.random, which is not cryptographically strong.
- CVE-2007-3528
- Blowfish-CBC implementation constructs an IV where each byte is calculated modulo 8 instead of modulo 256, resulting in less than 12 bits for the effective IV length, and less than 4096 possible IV values.
