Daily Archives: March 28, 2025

Advisories

USN-7389-1: Linux kernel (NVIDIA Tegra) vulnerabilities

Read Time:7 Minute, 39 Second

Attila Szász discovered that the HFS+ file system implementation in the
Linux Kernel contained a heap overflow vulnerability. An attacker could use
a specially crafted file system image that, when mounted, could cause a
denial of service (system crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code.
(CVE-2025-0927)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel.
An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system.
This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:
– ARM64 architecture;
– MIPS architecture;
– PowerPC architecture;
– RISC-V architecture;
– S390 architecture;
– SuperH RISC architecture;
– User-Mode Linux (UML);
– x86 architecture;
– Block layer subsystem;
– Cryptographic API;
– ACPI drivers;
– Drivers core;
– RAM backed block device driver;
– Virtio block driver;
– Data acquisition framework and drivers;
– Hardware crypto device drivers;
– DMA engine subsystem;
– EDAC drivers;
– ARM SCPI message protocol;
– GPIO subsystem;
– GPU drivers;
– HID subsystem;
– Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
– I2C subsystem;
– I3C subsystem;
– IIO ADC drivers;
– IIO subsystem;
– InfiniBand drivers;
– IOMMU subsystem;
– IRQ chip drivers;
– LED subsystem;
– Multiple devices driver;
– Media drivers;
– Multifunction device drivers;
– MMC subsystem;
– MTD block device drivers;
– Network drivers;
– Mellanox network drivers;
– Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
– STMicroelectronics network drivers;
– NVME drivers;
– Parport drivers;
– PCI subsystem;
– Pin controllers subsystem;
– x86 platform drivers;
– Power supply drivers;
– Real Time Clock drivers;
– SCSI subsystem;
– SuperH / SH-Mobile drivers;
– i.MX SoC drivers;
– QCOM SoC drivers;
– SPI subsystem;
– Direct Digital Synthesis drivers;
– Media staging drivers;
– TCM subsystem;
– TTY drivers;
– UFS subsystem;
– DesignWare USB3 driver;
– USB Gadget drivers;
– USB Dual Role (OTG-ready) Controller drivers;
– USB Serial drivers;
– USB Type-C support driver;
– USB Type-C Port Controller Manager driver;
– USB Type-C Connector System Software Interface driver;
– VFIO drivers;
– Framebuffer layer;
– Xen hypervisor drivers;
– AFS file system;
– BTRFS file system;
– Ceph distributed file system;
– File systems infrastructure;
– F2FS file system;
– GFS2 file system;
– JFFS2 file system;
– JFS file system;
– Network file system (NFS) client;
– Network file system (NFS) server daemon;
– NILFS2 file system;
– NTFS3 file system;
– Overlay file system;
– Proc file system;
– Diskquota system;
– SMB network file system;
– UBI file system;
– Timer subsystem;
– VLANs driver;
– LAPB network protocol;
– User-space API (UAPI);
– Kernel init infrastructure;
– io_uring subsystem;
– BPF subsystem;
– Kernel CPU control infrastructure;
– DMA mapping infrastructure;
– KCSAN framework;
– Tracing infrastructure;
– Closures library;
– Memory management;
– 9P file system network protocol;
– Amateur Radio drivers;
– Bluetooth subsystem;
– CAN network layer;
– Networking core;
– DCCP (Datagram Congestion Control Protocol);
– Distributed Switch Architecture;
– HSR network protocol;
– IEEE802154.4 network protocol;
– IPv4 networking;
– IPv6 networking;
– MAC80211 subsystem;
– IEEE 802.15.4 subsystem;
– Multipath TCP;
– Netfilter;
– Netlink;
– NET/ROM layer;
– Packet sockets;
– Network traffic control;
– SCTP protocol;
– SMC sockets;
– Sun RPC protocol;
– TIPC protocol;
– VMware vSockets driver;
– eXpress Data Path;
– XFRM subsystem;
– Key management;
– SELinux security module;
– ALSA framework;
– FireWire sound drivers;
– HD-audio driver;
– QCOM ASoC drivers;
– STMicroelectronics SoC drivers;
– USB sound devices;
– KVM core;
(CVE-2025-21640, CVE-2024-56625, CVE-2024-53104, CVE-2024-53055,
CVE-2024-26718, CVE-2024-53180, CVE-2024-50257, CVE-2024-53174,
CVE-2024-53680, CVE-2024-56670, CVE-2024-56606, CVE-2024-53156,
CVE-2024-53112, CVE-2024-57940, CVE-2024-57807, CVE-2024-50259,
CVE-2024-53172, CVE-2024-53214, CVE-2024-50275, CVE-2024-56770,
CVE-2025-21666, CVE-2024-53101, CVE-2024-56630, CVE-2025-21638,
CVE-2024-50199, CVE-2024-56705, CVE-2024-56619, CVE-2024-50115,
CVE-2024-50209, CVE-2024-50116, CVE-2024-57908, CVE-2024-50242,
CVE-2024-50128, CVE-2024-50247, CVE-2024-56626, CVE-2024-56693,
CVE-2024-56648, CVE-2024-56745, CVE-2024-42252, CVE-2024-53088,
CVE-2024-50251, CVE-2024-57889, CVE-2024-53150, CVE-2024-53066,
CVE-2024-56569, CVE-2025-21697, CVE-2024-50185, CVE-2024-53158,
CVE-2024-50168, CVE-2024-41066, CVE-2024-53145, CVE-2024-50171,
CVE-2024-53135, CVE-2024-42315, CVE-2024-56615, CVE-2024-50230,
CVE-2024-50299, CVE-2024-53140, CVE-2024-56704, CVE-2024-56533,
CVE-2024-50121, CVE-2024-39497, CVE-2024-50282, CVE-2024-56715,
CVE-2024-56779, CVE-2024-56769, CVE-2024-56570, CVE-2024-55916,
CVE-2024-56637, CVE-2025-21694, CVE-2024-56691, CVE-2024-50301,
CVE-2024-50156, CVE-2024-57903, CVE-2025-21636, CVE-2024-49974,
CVE-2024-56532, CVE-2024-50201, CVE-2024-57929, CVE-2024-56590,
CVE-2024-57882, CVE-2024-57925, CVE-2024-56759, CVE-2024-56726,
CVE-2024-53215, CVE-2024-53121, CVE-2024-57912, CVE-2024-53119,
CVE-2024-57931, CVE-2024-41080, CVE-2024-35887, CVE-2024-53173,
CVE-2024-50245, CVE-2024-50267, CVE-2024-56627, CVE-2024-50085,
CVE-2024-56756, CVE-2024-50232, CVE-2024-56636, CVE-2024-56581,
CVE-2024-53194, CVE-2025-21689, CVE-2024-53226, CVE-2024-53239,
CVE-2024-56662, CVE-2024-50205, CVE-2024-53127, CVE-2024-56586,
CVE-2024-56603, CVE-2024-53122, CVE-2025-21699, CVE-2024-56568,
CVE-2024-57884, CVE-2024-53113, CVE-2024-56574, CVE-2025-21669,
CVE-2024-53125, CVE-2024-56748, CVE-2024-56575, CVE-2024-56640,
CVE-2024-57901, CVE-2022-49034, CVE-2024-56728, CVE-2024-57910,
CVE-2024-40965, CVE-2024-36899, CVE-2024-50131, CVE-2024-42291,
CVE-2024-50233, CVE-2024-57791, CVE-2024-57948, CVE-2024-56633,
CVE-2025-21653, CVE-2024-50287, CVE-2024-56724, CVE-2024-57907,
CVE-2024-49925, CVE-2024-47730, CVE-2024-46841, CVE-2024-56716,
CVE-2024-44938, CVE-2024-49950, CVE-2024-53131, CVE-2024-46809,
CVE-2024-50074, CVE-2024-50167, CVE-2024-53171, CVE-2024-57911,
CVE-2025-21680, CVE-2024-53059, CVE-2024-53161, CVE-2024-47707,
CVE-2025-21683, CVE-2024-56597, CVE-2024-53184, CVE-2024-56562,
CVE-2024-47143, CVE-2024-50103, CVE-2024-53138, CVE-2025-21639,
CVE-2024-50182, CVE-2024-36476, CVE-2024-50099, CVE-2024-50194,
CVE-2024-50163, CVE-2024-43098, CVE-2023-52913, CVE-2024-56708,
CVE-2024-53130, CVE-2024-56587, CVE-2024-57951, CVE-2024-57938,
CVE-2024-57917, CVE-2024-53063, CVE-2024-50148, CVE-2024-50229,
CVE-2024-56763, CVE-2024-50101, CVE-2024-57939, CVE-2024-57874,
CVE-2024-56778, CVE-2024-56701, CVE-2024-56672, CVE-2024-56598,
CVE-2024-45828, CVE-2024-50208, CVE-2024-53129, CVE-2024-56754,
CVE-2024-50141, CVE-2024-56539, CVE-2024-56720, CVE-2024-53165,
CVE-2024-50234, CVE-2024-53120, CVE-2024-50192, CVE-2024-50283,
CVE-2024-50160, CVE-2024-57922, CVE-2024-53052, CVE-2024-48881,
CVE-2024-56596, CVE-2024-50202, CVE-2025-21646, CVE-2024-50082,
CVE-2024-50278, CVE-2024-57904, CVE-2024-56602, CVE-2024-57913,
CVE-2024-50151, CVE-2025-21690, CVE-2024-53690, CVE-2024-56739,
CVE-2024-56594, CVE-2024-53155, CVE-2024-56694, CVE-2024-56767,
CVE-2024-50117, CVE-2024-56634, CVE-2024-47408, CVE-2024-53124,
CVE-2024-50292, CVE-2024-56576, CVE-2024-57841, CVE-2024-57902,
CVE-2024-57849, CVE-2024-50196, CVE-2024-56629, CVE-2024-57792,
CVE-2024-56605, CVE-2024-57896, CVE-2025-21664, CVE-2024-53142,
CVE-2025-21665, CVE-2024-50249, CVE-2024-50290, CVE-2024-56688,
CVE-2024-53096, CVE-2024-53061, CVE-2024-56622, CVE-2024-50110,
CVE-2024-56777, CVE-2024-58087, CVE-2024-56600, CVE-2024-56601,
CVE-2024-56645, CVE-2024-56572, CVE-2024-56723, CVE-2024-50195,
CVE-2024-56595, CVE-2024-56698, CVE-2024-57906, CVE-2024-52332,
CVE-2024-53099, CVE-2024-56787, CVE-2025-21687, CVE-2024-53141,
CVE-2024-53058, CVE-2024-49998, CVE-2024-53103, CVE-2024-56642,
CVE-2024-50058, CVE-2024-53151, CVE-2024-50162, CVE-2024-53164,
CVE-2024-56643, CVE-2024-56610, CVE-2024-50302, CVE-2024-57900,
CVE-2024-50083, CVE-2024-50072, CVE-2024-53227, CVE-2024-53183,
CVE-2024-56690, CVE-2024-50142, CVE-2024-50127, CVE-2024-50134,
CVE-2024-56700, CVE-2024-53198, CVE-2024-56781, CVE-2024-57897,
CVE-2024-56774, CVE-2024-50269, CVE-2025-21678, CVE-2024-46784,
CVE-2024-53685, CVE-2024-56593, CVE-2024-50051, CVE-2024-57890,
CVE-2024-53197, CVE-2024-50198, CVE-2024-50279, CVE-2024-57802,
CVE-2024-56578, CVE-2024-50154, CVE-2024-56623, CVE-2024-56776,
CVE-2024-56681, CVE-2024-53157, CVE-2024-57850, CVE-2024-57946,
CVE-2024-53148, CVE-2024-53042, CVE-2024-53181, CVE-2024-57892,
CVE-2024-50153, CVE-2024-50265, CVE-2025-21631, CVE-2025-21692,
CVE-2024-56558, CVE-2024-56747, CVE-2024-50304, CVE-2024-50244,
CVE-2024-43900, CVE-2024-56746, CVE-2024-56631, CVE-2024-56644,
CVE-2024-50262, CVE-2024-49571, CVE-2024-50296, CVE-2024-56614,
CVE-2024-50036, CVE-2024-50273, CVE-2024-56659, CVE-2024-56650,
CVE-2024-50236, CVE-2024-50268, CVE-2025-21637, CVE-2025-21648,
CVE-2024-53097, CVE-2024-56678, CVE-2024-56780, CVE-2024-50010,
CVE-2024-46871, CVE-2024-50237, CVE-2024-57838, CVE-2024-49996,
CVE-2024-50055, CVE-2024-50143, CVE-2024-53146, CVE-2024-50150,
CVE-2024-50193, CVE-2024-56567, CVE-2024-50086, CVE-2024-50295,
CVE-2024-50218, CVE-2024-40953, CVE-2024-56616, CVE-2024-56548,
CVE-2024-56531, CVE-2024-56679, CVE-2024-56785, CVE-2024-53217,
CVE-2024-53237, CVE-2024-56369, CVE-2024-55881, CVE-2024-56589)

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News

AIs as Trusted Third Parties

Read Time:2 Minute, 36 Second

This is a truly fascinating paper: “Trusted Machine Learning Models Unlock Private Inference for Problems Currently Infeasible with Cryptography.” The basic idea is that AIs can act as trusted third parties:

Abstract: We often interact with untrusted parties. Prioritization of privacy can limit the effectiveness of these interactions, as achieving certain goals necessitates sharing private data. Traditionally, addressing this challenge has involved either seeking trusted intermediaries or constructing cryptographic protocols that restrict how much data is revealed, such as multi-party computations or zero-knowledge proofs. While significant advances have been made in scaling cryptographic approaches, they remain limited in terms of the size and complexity of applications they can be used for. In this paper, we argue that capable machine learning models can fulfill the role of a trusted third party, thus enabling secure computations for applications that were previously infeasible. In particular, we describe Trusted Capable Model Environments (TCMEs) as an alternative approach for scaling secure computation, where capable machine learning model(s) interact under input/output constraints, with explicit information flow control and explicit statelessness. This approach aims to achieve a balance between privacy and computational efficiency, enabling private inference where classical cryptographic solutions are currently infeasible. We describe a number of use cases that are enabled by TCME, and show that even some simple classic cryptographic problems can already be solved with TCME. Finally, we outline current limitations and discuss the path forward in implementing them.

When I was writing Applied Cryptography way back in 1993, I talked about human trusted third parties (TTPs). This research postulates that someday AIs could fulfill the role of a human TTP, with added benefits like (1) being able to audit their processing, and (2) being able to delete it and erase their knowledge when their work is done. And the possibilities are vast.

Here’s a TTP problem. Alice and Bob want to know whose income is greater, but don’t want to reveal their income to the other. (Assume that both Alice and Bob want the true answer, so neither has an incentive to lie.) A human TTP can solve that easily: Alice and Bob whisper their income to the TTP, who announces the answer. But now the human knows the data. There are cryptographic protocols that can solve this. But we can easily imagine more complicated questions that cryptography can’t solve. “Which of these two novel manuscripts has more sex scenes?” “Which of these two business plans is a riskier investment?” If Alice and Bob can agree on an AI model they both trust, they can feed the model the data, ask the question, get the answer, and then delete the model afterwards. And it’s reasonable for Alice and Bob to trust a model with questions like this. They can take the model into their own lab and test it a gazillion times until they are satisfied that it is fair, accurate, or whatever other properties they want.

The paper contains several examples where an AI TTP provides real value. This is still mostly science fiction today, but it’s a fascinating thought experiment.

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Advisories

ghostscript-10.02.1-14.fc40

Read Time:37 Second

FEDORA-2025-3a7a29de24

Packages in this update:

ghostscript-10.02.1-14.fc40

Update description:

CVE-2025-27835 ghostscript: Buffer overflow when converting glyphs to unicode (fedora#2355025)

CVE-2025-27834 ghostscript: Buffer overflow caused by an oversized Type 4 function in a PDF (fedora#2355023)
CVE-2025-27832 ghostscript: NPDL device: Compression buffer overflow (fedora#2355021)
CVE-2025-27836 ghostscript: device: Print buffer overflow (fedora#2355019)
CVE-2025-27830 ghostscript: Buffer overflow during serialization of DollarBlend in font (fedora#2355015)
CVE-2025-27833 ghostscript: Buffer overflow with long TTF font name (fedora#2355011)
CVE-2025-27837 ghostscript: Access to arbitrary files through truncated path with invalid UTF-8 (fedora#2355009)
CVE-2025-27831 ghostscript: Text buffer overflow with long characters (fedora#2355007)

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Advisories

ghostscript-10.03.1-5.fc41

Read Time:37 Second

FEDORA-2025-47818d27ba

Packages in this update:

ghostscript-10.03.1-5.fc41

Update description:

CVE-2025-27835 ghostscript: Buffer overflow when converting glyphs to unicode (fedora#2355026)

CVE-2025-27834 ghostscript: Buffer overflow caused by an oversized Type 4 function in a PDF (fedora#2355024)
CVE-2025-27832 ghostscript: NPDL device: Compression buffer overflow (fedora#2355022)
CVE-2025-27836 ghostscript: device: Print buffer overflow (fedora#2355020)
CVE-2025-27830 ghostscript: Buffer overflow during serialization of DollarBlend in font (fedora#2355016)
CVE-2025-27833 ghostscript: Buffer overflow with long TTF font name (fedora#2355012)
CVE-2025-27837 ghostscript: Access to arbitrary files through truncated path with invalid UTF-8 (fedora#2355010)
CVE-2025-27831 ghostscript: Text buffer overflow with long characters (fedora#2355008)

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Advisories

A Vulnerability in CrushFTP Could Allow for Unauthorized Access

Read Time:23 Second

A vulnerability has been discovered in CrushFTP, which could allow for unauthorized access. CrushFTP is a proprietary multi-protocol, multi-platform file transfer server. The vulnerability is mitigated if the DMZ feature of CrushFTP is in place. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to remotely control the compromised server and execute remote code. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.

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